Under IDEA, which condition must be met to identify a child with a disability?

• A. An intervention approach for the disability must have been ineffective
• B. The disability falls into one of the 13 categories listed in the law
• C. The disability results in IQ test scores below the 25th percentile
• D. The student requires medication for treatment of the disability

Answer: (B)

To properly identify a child with a disability under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), it is essential that the disability falls into one of the 13 categories explicitly outlined in the law. These categories include specific learning disabilities, autism spectrum disorder, emotional disturbances, and several others, which are intended to provide parameters for eligibility in special education services.

Identification based on these categories ensures that the assessment process is standardized and that children who qualify for support and services are recognized in a consistent manner. This legal framework helps to protect the rights of students and ensures that they receive appropriate educational interventions tailored to their specific needs.

Other options provide avenues for consideration but are not requirements for identification under IDEA. For example, while ineffectiveness of intervention approaches might influence a determination of need, it does not define eligibility by itself. Similarly, IQ test scores and medication requirements do not serve as definitive criteria for identifying a disability in accordance with IDEA. Thus, aligning with the established categories serves as the cornerstone of proper and equitable identification under the law.