What aspect does the IQ-achievement discrepancy model focus on?

• A. Comparing a student's IQ score with their academic performance
• B. Monitoring a student's progress on the same assessment over time
• C. Comparing a student's low-stakes performance to high-stakes performance
• D. Prioritizing sources of evaluation information that show agreement

Answer: (A)

The IQ-achievement discrepancy model focuses on comparing a student's IQ score with their academic performance. This model is traditionally used to identify specific learning disabilities by analyzing the difference between a student's intellectual capabilities, as measured by IQ tests, and their actual academic achievements in areas such as reading, writing, and mathematics.

When a significant discrepancy is identified, it suggests that a student may have a learning disability, as their academic performance is not commensurate with their cognitive abilities. This approach has been foundational in educational psychology and special education as it serves to ensure that students who struggle academically receive the appropriate interventions and support tailored to their needs.

Understanding and applying this comparison helps educators and specialists develop effective educational strategies and support systems for those students who exhibit such discrepancies, thereby fostering better learning outcomes.