What constitutes an eligible disability under IDEA?

• A. Behavioral issues without documented learning challenges
• B. Conditions like specific learning disabilities and speech or language impairments
• C. Emotional and psychological problems without physical symptoms
• D. Talent in the arts and sports

Answer: (B)

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) outlines specific categories that constitute eligible disabilities for special education services. The correct answer highlights conditions such as specific learning disabilities and speech or language impairments, which are recognized by IDEA as valid qualifying disabilities. These categories encompass a range of challenges that interfere with a student's ability to learn and participate effectively in educational settings.

Specific learning disabilities, for instance, can affect how a student acquires and applies skills related to reading, writing, and mathematics. Speech or language impairments might hinder a student's ability to communicate effectively, further impacting their social interactions and academic performance. IDEA ensures that students facing barriers due to such disabilities receive the appropriate support to aid their educational development.

In contrast, other options do not align with the criteria established by IDEA. Behavioral issues alone may not qualify if they are not coupled with documented learning challenges, while emotional and psychological problems without accompanying physical symptoms may also lack sufficient documentation to meet the eligibility criteria. Finally, talent in arts and sports, while valuable, is not considered a disability under IDEA and does not warrant special education services. Hence, the focus on specific learning disabilities and speech or language impairments is crucial for understanding eligibility under IDEA.